Poland’s deposit system for bottles and cans starts October 1, but major retailers like Lidl and Aldi are ahead, while Biedronka lags behind.
Uneven preparations across retail chains
Poland’s deposit system for bottles and cans is set to launch on October 1, 2025, but the readiness of major retail chains varies significantly. Lidl and Aldi have functional reverse vending machines and clear instructions, while Kaufland has designated return zones but struggles with customer service. Biedronka, the largest retailer in Poland, still lacks a unified, clear standard for customers.
Lack of clear communication
The Polish Chamber of Commerce warns that just three weeks before the system’s launch, there is insufficient transparent information or public communication about how the deposit system will work. The chamber has released a guide for consumers, emphasizing the need for clear instructions and trained staff to avoid frustration and disorganization in stores.
System details and requirements
The system covers PET bottles up to 3 liters, reusable glass bottles up to 1.5 liters, and aluminum cans up to 1 liter, with deposit fees of 0.50 zł or 1.00 zł. Stores with at least 200 square meters must accept these containers, while smaller stores can participate voluntarily. The containers must be undamaged, uncrushed, and properly labeled to qualify for deposit refunds.
Environmental impact and consumer awareness
The deposit system aims to increase recycling, reduce waste, and promote reusable packaging. Five operators—Zwrotka, PolKa, OK Operator Kaucyjny, Eko-Operator, and Reselekt—will oversee the system. Surveys show that 63% of Poles are aware of the upcoming changes, though knowledge varies by age and gender. However, many consumers incorrectly believe that milk cartons and yogurt containers will also be included in the system.
Retailer performance
Lidl and Aldi have successfully tested their reverse vending machines, offering intuitive processes for customers. Kaufland has designated return zones but faces issues with machine malfunctions and insufficient staff support. Biedronka, despite its size, has not provided a clear, consistent system for customers, relying instead on vague explanations about delays.
Key consumer expectations
Consumers should expect clear labeling of deposit-eligible containers, step-by-step instructions at return points, and trained staff to assist with the process. The gradual rollout of new labeling and the phased implementation of glass bottle returns may cause some confusion, but retailers that prioritize transparency will minimize customer frustration.
Retailers that have already tested the system with staff and customers in September 2025 will face fewer challenges when the system goes live. The largest retailer in Poland continues to blame external factors rather than taking responsibility for ensuring a smooth customer experience. The success of the deposit system will depend not on technology but on clear communication and trained personnel.
