The Polish Internal Security Agency reports that 69 counterintelligence investigations were launched during 2024–2025, matching the total number of cases recorded over the previous three decades.
Russian Diversion and Espionage on an Unprecedented Scale
The latest ABW report reveals that 69 counterintelligence investigations regarding foreign service activities were initiated during 2024–2025, a figure equaling the total number of cases recorded over the previous three decades. Officials describe the situation as an “unspoken war” being waged against Western nations.
Over the last two years, 91 individuals suspected of working for Russian and Belarusian intelligence services have been detained, with 61 agents removed from the public sphere. ABW Chief Colonel Rafał Syrysko noted that diversionary activities primarily target military sites, critical infrastructure, and locations providing aid to Ukraine.
Recent legal actions include the indictment of Janusz N. for espionage within parliamentary circles and Oleksandr D. for inciting espionage. Other detainees include Kamil K., Stepan K., and Andriej B. for suspected arson, alongside Andriej G., Aleksiej T., Yaraslau S., and Kristin S. for various sabotage and arson attempts.
Poland as a Front for Hybrid Warfare
Analysts state that since February 2022, Poland has become a major target for Russian hybrid operations, including sabotage, arson, and attempts to destabilize social order. These operations increasingly utilize special forces tactics, such as infrastructure reconnaissance and prepared diversionary acts.
The report identifies the FSB as focusing on civilian and critical infrastructure, while the GRU targets military assets. Notably, Russian intelligence has shifted from using internet-recruited agents to employing professionals with military or criminal backgrounds, including former soldiers and Wagner Group associates.