Poland’s Supreme Court rejected PFR’s key arguments in subsidy recovery cases stemming from the financial shield program in a December 2025 ruling.
Court Ruling on Exchange Office Cases
Poland’s Supreme Court unequivocally challenged key arguments PFR has long used in disputes with subsidy beneficiaries in its December 18, 2025 ruling (Case No. I CSK 2279/25). The decision holds particular significance for entrepreneurs operating exchange offices involved in the case.
The Supreme Court confirmed that the data submitted by exchange offices in their subsidy applications was true, complete, and known to PFR from the outset. The sole element that changed was PFR’s subsequent interpretation of the same data, particularly regarding the method for determining revenue.
Systemic Legal Battle
The dispute also has systemic implications. PFR has filed lawsuits against nearly 16,000 companies, even though courts in final rulings have indicated it lacks standing to pursue subsidy repayments through civil proceedings.