The European Commission is exploring options to limit temporary protection for Ukrainians of military age and those who left their country illegally, a move publicly supported by the Polish government.
Potential Limits on Protection
The European Commission is considering proposals to restrict temporary protection status for Ukrainians who fled their country illegally, as well as those of draft age. These potential changes would apply specifically to new applications rather than individuals currently covered by existing protection schemes.
Ahead of a meeting of EU interior ministers, Polish official Maciej Duszczyk confirmed Poland’s support for the initiative, stating that the government agrees with this proposed direction.
EU Protection Framework
The temporary protection mechanism was activated in 2022 following the Russian invasion of Ukraine, granting refugees the right to residency, employment, and access to education across all EU member states. While current regulations expire in March 2027, the Commission is already drafting a one-year extension while gauging member state interest in implementing stricter conditions.
Current Polish Regulatory Adjustments
Maciej Duszczyk noted that Poland has already proactively adjusted its own framework by implementing a special law to phase out certain benefits for war refugees. Under new rules introduced in March, Ukrainian citizens must apply for a national identification number (PESEL) within 30 days of arrival.
Furthermore, individuals who obtained a PESEL without formal documentation must update their records by the end of August. Failure to comply will result in the loss of temporary protection and residency rights in Poland starting September 1.
Refugee Demographics in the EU
Currently, 4.33 million Ukrainians benefit from temporary protection across the EU. Germany hosts 28.7 percent, followed by Poland at 22.3 percent and the Czech Republic at 9 percent. As of late March, the highest ratio of refugees to the local population was recorded in the Czech Republic, followed by Poland, Slovakia, and Cyprus.
